@inproceedings{10.1117/12.3000908,
author = {Alexander Altmann and Christian Schell and Ramtin Rahmanzadeh},
title = {{Assessing food degradation and microbial growth by sensor read-out with fluorescence spectroscopy}},
volume = {12861},
booktitle = {Frontiers in Biological Detection: From Nanosensors to Systems XVI},
editor = {Amos Danielli and Benjamin L. Miller and Sharon M. Weiss},
organization = {International Society for Optics and Photonics},
publisher = {SPIE},
pages = {128610A},
abstract = {Both the waste of edible food and the consumption of non-edible food within the best before date are ongoing concerns in food industry. Until now, no methods are applied to access food quality of packed food without opening of packages. We demonstrate the formulation of a sensor foil comprising of a non-toxic porphyrin on an inorganic matrix in polyethylene. The sensor foil is capable of detecting amines in the gas phase over food products, which could act as spoilage indicators during the shelf life of packaged food. The foil was optimized to prevent reactions with other analytes in the gas phase of food by the alteration of the hydrophobic polymer. We performed experiments, using model packing units, to monitor the behavior of the foil and correlated the change in the fluorescence spectra to the total viable count of bacteria on the fish. The readout of the foils was performed with fluorescence spectroscopy to yield highly accurate results in contrast to less accurate the colorimetric determination.},
keywords = {fluorescence spectroscopy, gas sensing, amine sensor, food safety, porphyrins},
year = {2024},
doi = {10.1117/12.3000908},
URL = {https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3000908}
}

@inproceedings{10.1117/12.3000912,
author = {Alexander Altmann and Mohammad Khodaygani and Martin Leucker and Christian Schell and Ramtin Rahmanzadeh},
title = {{Detection of spoiled food along the supply chain with novel sensors for packed food}},
volume = {12879},
booktitle = {Photonic Technologies in Plant and Agricultural Science},
editor = {Dag Heinemann and Gerrit Polder},
organization = {International Society for Optics and Photonics},
publisher = {SPIE},
pages = {1287906},
abstract = {Along food supply chains, several critical steps can lead to inconsumable food. Especially food of animal origin undergoes rapid aging, when stored inadequately. Quality assessment of packaged food products faces serious problems ranging from the loss of integrity of the package to damage of the food and it is applied only to a low number of samples per batch. As a result, food products are either wasted or not analyzed, which results in a significant decrease in food safety. As a part of an intelligent packaging system, we designed a sensor foil that can detect amines, produced during the food aging process. Change of the fluorescence of the sensor foil can be assessed with spectroscopy or color change from green to red can be detected optically with a camera, e.g. by smartphone. The foil can be incorporated inside the single packaging units and noninvasively measured routinely by the store or consumer. The readout of the foils was performed with steady-state tabletop spectrometers, which were then compared to the results for readouts with different inexpensive handheld devices that could be used during real-life applications, e.g., at any step in a food supply chain.  Ideally, the single food product is linked to a single foil at the primary producer, measuring the first spectrum and connecting the data to the specific product, e.g. via distributed ledger. For a transparent process chain, QR-codes could be utilized to allow access to the freshness data along the shelf life of a single package. },
keywords = {fluorescence spectroscopy, gas sensing, amine sensor, food safety, porphyrins, SVM classifier, block chain, non-destructive food testing},
year = {2024},
doi = {10.1117/12.3000912},
URL = {https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3000912}
}

@article{doi:10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00749,
author = {Enzian, Paula and Kleineberg, Nina and Kirchert, Elisabeth and Schell, Christian and Rahmanzadeh, Ramtin},
title = {Light-Induced Liposomal Drug Delivery with an Amphiphilic Porphyrin and Its Chlorin and Bacteriochlorin Analogues},
journal = {Molecular Pharmaceutics},
volume = {0},
number = {0},
pages = {null},
year = {0},
doi = {10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00749},
    note ={PMID: 38189667},

URL = { 
    
        https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00749
    
    

},
eprint = { 
    
        https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00749
    
    

}

}

@Article{pharmaceutics15082040,
AUTHOR = {Enzian, Paula and Rahmanzadeh, Ramtin},
TITLE = {Photochemical Internalization with Fimaporfin: Enhanced Bleomycin Treatment for Head and Neck Cancer},
JOURNAL = {Pharmaceutics},
VOLUME = {15},
YEAR = {2023},
NUMBER = {8},
ARTICLE-NUMBER = {2040},
URL = {https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/15/8/2040},
ISSN = {1999-4923},
ABSTRACT = {Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) still represents the world’s sixth most common tumor entity, with increasing incidence. The reachability of light makes HNSCC suitable for light-based therapies such as Photochemical Internalization (PCI). The drug Bleomycin is cytotoxic and used as an anti-tumor medication. Since Bleomycin is endocytosed as a relatively large molecule, part of it is degraded in lysosomes before reaching its intracellular target. The goal of our study was to improve the intracellular availability of Bleomycin with PCI. We investigate the intracellular delivery of Bleomycin after PCI with the photosensitizer Fimaporfin. A systematic variation of Bleomycin and Fimaporfin concentrations and light irradiation led to the pronounced cell death of HNSCC cells. After optimization, the same level of tumor cell death of 75% was reached with a 20-fold lower Bleomycin concentration. This would allow treatment of HNSCC with high local tumor cell death and reduce the side effects of Bleomycin, e.g., lung fibrosis, at the same time. This demonstrates the increased efficacy of the anti-tumor medication Bleomycin in combination with PCI.},
DOI = {10.3390/pharmaceutics15082040}
}

@article{ALTMANN2023101105,
title = {Porphyrin-based sensor films for monitoring food spoilage},
journal = {Food Packaging and Shelf Life},
volume = {38},
pages = {101105},
year = {2023},
issn = {2214-2894},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fpsl.2023.101105},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214289423000820},
author = {Alexander Altmann and Michel Eden and Gereon Hüttmann and Christian Schell and Ramtin Rahmanzadeh},
keywords = {Biogenic amines, Sensors, Fish freshness, Food safety, Porphyrin, Smart packaging},
abstract = {To increase food safety and to minimize food waste, it is interesting for the food industry and consumers to be able to determine food spoilage continuously and non-destructively. When food of animal origin is degraded, amines are released as protein breakdown products, which could be used to monitor the freshness of meat and fish. In this work, we introduce a porphyrin-based sensor foil aimed at the detection of biogenic amines. The sensor-porphyrin is formulated on mesoporous silica. Reactivity towards moderate humidity was eliminated by dispersion of the functionalized silica in polyethylene (PE), followed by thermal extrusion resulting in PE foils. After exposure to amines, the sensor foil changes its color irreversibly from green to red. The color change is accompanied by a pronounced shift of the fluorescence spectrum, which was used as a sensitive method to detect the degradation of fish products in model experiments. Titanium dioxide particles in the foil increased the detected fluorescence emission. Experiments with fish filets showed the applicability of the sensor foils in a real-life application by indicating the degree of spoilage after several days, while the microbial growth was depicted by total viable count. We anticipate that our sensor can be an integral part of smart food packages, helping to track the freshness of food during transport or storage.}
}

@inproceedings{10.1117/12.2671751,
author = {Alexander Altmann and Mohammad Khodaygani and Martin Leucker and Christian Schell and Ramtin Rahmanzadeh},
title = {{Fluorescence based detection of gaseous food spoilage indicators}},
volume = {12627},
booktitle = {Translational Biophotonics: Diagnostics and Therapeutics III},
editor = {Zhiwei Huang and Lothar D. Lilge},
organization = {International Society for Optics and Photonics},
publisher = {SPIE},
pages = {126270I},
keywords = {fluorescence spectroscopy, gas sensing, optode technology, food safety, porphyrins, SVM classifier},
year = {2023},
doi = {10.1117/12.2671751},
URL = {https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2671751}
}

@inproceedings{10.1117/12.2583811,

title = {Comparison between dynamic microscopic OCT and autofluorescence multiphoton microscopy for label-free analysis of murine trachea},

author = {Tabea Kohlfaerber and Michael M\"{u}nter and Mario Pieper and Peter K\"{o}nig and Ramtin Rahmanzadeh and Gereon H\"{u}ttmann and Hinnerk Schulz-Hildebrandt},

editor = {Joseph A Izatt and James G Fujimoto},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2583811},

doi = {10.1117/12.2583811},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

booktitle = {Optical Coherence Tomography and Coherence Domain Optical Methods in Biomedicine XXV},

volume = {11630},

publisher = {SPIE},

organization = {International Society for Optics and Photonics},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@article{Rahmanzadeh-2020,
   author = {Yao, C;Rudnitzki, F;He, Y;Zhang, Z;Hüttmann, G and Rahmanzadeh, R},
   title = {Cancer cell-specific protein delivery by optoporation with laser-irradiated gold nanorods},
   journal = {JBio},
   
   ISSN = {1864-063X},
   DOI = {10.1002/jbio.202000017},
  Year = {2020},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Münter2020,
   author = {Münter, M;Endt, M v;Pieper, M;Casper, M;Ahrens, M;Kohlfaerber, T;Rahmanzadeh, R;König, P;Hüttmann, G and Schulz-Hildebrandt, H},
   title = {Dynamic contrast in scanning microscopic OCT},
   journal = {Optic Letters},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.00006},
   year = {2020},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Enzian2020,
   author = {Enzian, P.;Schell, C.;Link, A.;Malich, C.;Pries, R.;Wollenberg, B and Rahmanzadeh, R},
   title = {Optically controlled drug release from light-sensitive liposomes with the new photosensitizer 5,10-DiOH},
   journal = {Molecular Pharmaceutics},
   ISSN = {1543-8384},
   DOI = {10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b01173},
   
   year = {2020},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Müller2020,
   author = {Müller M;Rahmanzadeh R;Tran T;Kappelhoff J;Akam EA;Caravan P;Jüstel T;Held KD;Anderson R and M, and Purschke},
   title = {Particle size of X-ray pumped UVC emitting nanoparticles defines intracellular localization and biological activity against cancer cells},
   journal = {Particle and Particle Systems Characterization },
   year = {2020},
   type = {Journal Article},
url = { https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/15214117/0/0}
}

@Proc{Enzian2019,
   author = {Enzian, P.;Link, A.;Schell, C.;Malich, C. and Rahmanzadeh, R.},
   title = {Light-induced permeabilization of liposomes},
   publisher = {Proc.SPIE},
   volume = {11070},
   series = {17th International Photodynamic Association World Congress},
   
   url = {https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2526071},
   year = {2019},
   type = {Book}
}

@article{Kohlfärber2019,
   author = {Kohlfaerber, T;Ding, S;Rahmanzadeh, R;Jüngst, T;Groll, J;Schulz-Hildebrandt, H and Hüttmann, G},
   title = {Investigation of cell dynamics in 3D cell spheroids and cell interaction with 3D printed scaffolds by mOCT},
   journal = {Transactions on Additive Manufacturing Meets Medicine 1(1)},
   
   DOI = {10.18416/AMMM.2019.1909S03P19},
   year = {2019},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Rahmanzadeh-2019,
   author = {Rahmanzadeh, R;Rudnitzki, F and Hüttmann, G},
   title = {Two ways to inactivate the Ki-67 protein—Fragmentation by nanoparticles, crosslinking with fluorescent dyes},
   journal = {Journal of Biophotonics},
   Year = {2019},
   pages = {e201800460},
   ISSN = {1864-063X},
   DOI = {10.1002/jbio.201800460},
   url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jbio.201800460},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Yao2017,
   author = {Yao, C; Rudnitzki, F; Hüttmann, G; Zhang, Zand Rahmanzadeh, R},
   title = {Important factors for cell-membrane permeabilization by gold nanoparticles activated by nanosecond-laser irradiation},
journal = {International Journal of Nanomedicine},
  
   pages = {5659-5672},
   DOI = {10.2147/IJN.S140620},
   year = {2017},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@inproceedings{10.1117/12.2217572,
author = {Sijia Wang and Gereon H{\"u}ttmann and Tayyaba Hasan and Ramtin Rahmanzadeh},
title = {{Molecular targeted PDT with selective delivery of ICG Photo-Immunoconjugates
(Conference Presentation)}},
volume = {9694},
booktitle = {Optical Methods for Tumor Treatment and Detection: Mechanisms and Techniques in Photodynamic Therapy XXV},
editor = {David H. Kessel and Tayyaba Hasan},
organization = {International Society for Optics and Photonics},
publisher = {SPIE},
pages = {96940O},
keywords = {photodynamic therapy, liposome, endosomal entrapment, nanotechnology, cell proliferation, photochemical internalization},
year = {2016},
doi = {10.1117/12.2217572},
URL = {https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2217572}
}

@article{Maushagen2016,
   title        = {Effects of paclitaxel on permanent head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines and identification of anti-apoptotic caspase 9b},
   author       = {Maushagen, R. and Reers, S. and Pfannerstill, A. C. and Hahlbrock, A. and Stauber, R. and Rahmanzadeh, R. and Rades, D. and Pries, R. and Wollenberg, B.},
   year         = 2016,
   journal      = {J Cancer Res Clin Oncol},
   volume       = 142,
   number       = 6,
   pages        = {1261--71},
   doi          = {10.1007/s00432-016-2150-3},
   issn         = {0171-5216},
   note         = {1432-1335 Maushagen, Regina Reers, Stefan Pfannerstill, Ann-Christin Hahlbrock, Angelina Stauber, Roland Rahmanzadeh, Ramtin Rades, Dirk Pries, Ralph Wollenberg, Barbara Journal Article Germany J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2016 Jun;142(6):1261-71. doi: 10.1007/s00432-016-2150-3. Epub 2016 Apr 1.},
   abstract     = {PURPOSE: Paclitaxel is an effective chemotherapeutic agent against various human tumors inducing apoptosis via binding to beta-tubulin of microtubules and arresting cells mainly in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. However, the underlying specific molecular mechanisms of paclitaxel on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) have not been identified yet. METHODS: The apoptotic effects and mechanisms of paclitaxel on different permanent HPV-negative HNSCC cell lines (UT-SCC-24A, UT-SCC-24B, UT-SCC-60A and UT-SCC-60B) were determined by flow cytometry assays, polymerase chain reaction analysis, immunofluorescence-based assays and sequencing studies. RESULTS: Paclitaxel induced a G2/M arrest in HNSCC cell lines followed by an increased amount of apoptotic cells. Moreover, the activation of caspase 8, caspase 10 and caspase 3, and the loss of the mitochondrial outer membrane potential could be observed, whereas an activation of caspase 9 could barely be detected. The efficient activation of caspase 9 was not affected by altered methylation patterns. Our results can show that the promoter region of apoptotic protease activating factor 1 (Apaf-1) was not methylated in the HNSCC cell lines. By sequencing analysis two isoforms of caspase 9, the pro-apoptotic caspase 9 and the anti-apoptotic caspase 9b were identified. The anti-apoptotic caspase 9b is missing the catalytic site and acts as an endogenous inhibitor of apoptosis by blocking the binding of caspase 9 to Apaf-1 to form the apoptosome. CONCLUSION: Our data indicate the presence of anti-apoptotic caspase 9b in HNSCC, which may serve as a promising target to increase chemotherapeutic apoptosis induction.},
   keywords     = {Apoptosis Caspase 9b Caspases Head and neck cancer Paclitaxel},
   type         = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Wang2016,
   author = {Wang, Sijia and Hüttmann, Gereon and Rudnitzki, Florian and Diddens-Tschoeke, Heyke and Zhang, Zhenxi and Rahmanzadeh, Ramtin},
   title = {Indocyanine green as effective antibody conjugate for intracellular molecular targeted photodynamic therapy},
   journal = {Journal of Biomedical Optics},
   volume = {21},
   number = {7},
   pages = {078001-078001},
   note = {10.1117/1.JBO.21.7.078001},
   abstract = {Abstract.  The fluorescent dye indocyanine green (ICG) is clinically approved and has been applied for ophthalmic and intraoperative angiography, measurement of cardiac output and liver function, or as contrast agent in cancer surgery. Though ICG is known for its photochemical effects, it has played a minor role so far in photodynamic therapy or techniques for targeted protein-inactivation. Here, we investigated ICG as an antibody-conjugate for the selective inactivation of the protein Ki-67 in the nucleus of cells. Conjugates of the Ki-67 antibody TuBB-9 with different amounts of ICG were synthesized and delivered into HeLa and OVCAR-5 cells through conjugation to the nuclear localization sequence. Endosomal escape of the macromolecular antibodies into the cytoplasm was optically triggered by photochemical internalization with the photosensitizer BPD. The second light irradiation at 690 nm inactivated Ki-67 and subsequently caused cell death. Here, we show that ICG as an antibody-conjugate can be an effective photosensitizing agent. Best effects were achieved with 1.8 ICG molecules per antibody. Conjugated to antibodies, the ICG absorption peaks vary proportionally with concentration. The absorption of ICG above 650 nm within the optical window of tissue opens the possibility of selective Ki-67 inactivation deep inside of tissues.},
   ISSN = {1083-3668},
   year = {2016},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Wang2016,
   author = {Wang, S. and Huttmann, G. and Scholzen, T. and Zhang, Z. and Vogel, A. and Hasan, T. and Rahmanzadeh, R.},
   title = {A light-controlled switch after dual targeting of proliferating tumor cells via the membrane receptor EGFR and the nuclear protein Ki-67},
   journal = {Sci Rep},
   volume = {6},
   pages = {27032},
   note = {2045-2322
Wang, Sijia
Huttmann, Gereon
Scholzen, Thomas
Zhang, Zhenxi
Vogel, Alfred
Hasan, Tayyaba
Rahmanzadeh, Ramtin
Journal Article
England
Sci Rep. 2016 Jun 1;6:27032. doi: 10.1038/srep27032.},
   abstract = {Using nanotechnology for optical manipulation of molecular processes in cells with high spatial and temporal precision promises new therapeutic options. Especially tumor therapy may profit as it requires a combination of both selectivity and an effective cell killing mechanism. Here we show a dual targeting approach for selective and efficient light-controlled killing of cells which are positive for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and Ki-67. Liposomes with the covalently linked EGFR antibody Erbitux enabled selective uptake of FITC-labeled Ki-67 antibody TuBB-9 in EGFR-positive cells pre-loaded with the photoactive dye BPD. After irradiation at 690 nm, BPD disrupted the endosomal membranes and delivered the antibodies to the nucleoli of the cells. The second irradiation at 490 nm activated the FITC-labeled TuBB-9, which caused inactivation of the Ki-67 protein and subsequent cell death via apoptosis. Efficient cell killing was possible at nanomolar concentrations of TuBB-9 due to the effective transport by immune liposomes and the high efficacy of the Ki-67 light-inactivation. Delivery of the liposomal constructs and cell destruction correlated well with the EGFR expression pattern of different cell lines (HeLa, OVCAR-5, MCF-7, and human fibroblasts), demonstrating an excellent selectivity.},
   ISSN = {2045-2322},
   DOI = {10.1038/srep27032},
   year = {2016},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Wang2015,
   author = {Wang, S. and Huttmann, G. and Zhang, Z. and Vogel, A. and Birngruber, R. and Tangutoori, S. and Hasan, T. and Rahmanzadeh, R.},
   title = {Light-Controlled Delivery of Monoclonal Antibodies for Targeted Photoinactivation of Ki-67},
   journal = {Mol Pharm},
   note = {1543-8392
Wang, Sijia
Huttmann, Gereon
Zhang, Zhenxi
Vogel, Alfred
Birngruber, Reginald
Tangutoori, Shifalika
Hasan, Tayyaba
Rahmanzadeh, Ramtin
Journal article
Mol Pharm. 2015 Aug 13.},
   abstract = {The selective inhibition of intracellular and nuclear molecules such as Ki-67 holds great promise for the treatment of cancer and other diseases. However, the choice of the target protein and the intracellular delivery of the functional agent remain crucial challenges. Main hurdles are (a) an effective delivery into cells, (b) endosomal escape of the delivered agents, and (c) an effective, externally triggered destruction of cells. Here we show a light-controlled two-step approach for selective cellular delivery and cell elimination of proliferating cells. Three different cell-penetrating nano constructs, including liposomes, conjugates with the nuclear localization sequence (NLS), and conjugates with the cell penetrating peptide Pep-1, delivered the light activatable antibody conjugate TuBB-9-FITC, which targets the proliferation associated protein Ki-67. HeLa cells were treated with the photosensitizer benzoporphyrin monoacid derivative (BPD) and the antibody constructs. In the first optically controlled step, activation of BPD at 690 nm triggered a controlled endosomal escape of the TuBB-9-FITC constructs. In more than 75% of Ki-67 positive, irradiated cells TuBB-9-FITC antibodies relocated within 24 h from cytoplasmic organelles to the cell nucleus and bound to Ki-67. After a second light irradiation at 490 nm, which activated FITC, cell viability decreased to approximately 13%. Our study shows an effective targeting strategy, which uses light-controlled endosomal escape and the light inactivation of Ki-67 for cell elimination. The fact that liposomal or peptide-assisted delivery give similar results leads to the additional conclusion that an effective mechanism for endosomal escape leaves greater variability for the choice of the delivery agent.},
   keywords = {endosomal entrapment
liposome
nanotechnology
nuclear localization sequence (NLS)
photodynamic therapy},
   ISSN = {1543-8384},
   DOI = {10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00260},
   year = {2015},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@Article{pmid22612150,
   Author="Rudnitzki, F.  and Bever, M.  and Rahmanzadeh, R.  and Brieger, K.  and Endl, E.  and Groll, J.  and Huttmann, G. ",
   Title="{{B}leaching of plasmon-resonance absorption of gold nanorods decreases efficiency of cell destruction}",
   Journal="J Biomed Opt",
   Year="2012",
   Volume="17",
   Number="5",
   Pages="058003",
   Month="May"
}

@inproceedings{Hüttmann2011,
   author = {Hüttmann, Gereon and Rahmanzadeh, Ramtin and Rudnitzki, Florian and Endl, Elmar and Hasan, Tayyaba},
   title = {Targeted molecular effects through laser-irradiated nanoabsorbers},
   editor = {Newsrrom, SPIE},
   DOI = {10.1117/2.1201102.003548},
   type = {Conference Proceedings},
   year = { 2011}
}

@article{Rahmanzadeh2011,
   author = {Rahmanzadeh, R. and Celli, J. and Rizvi, I. and Gerdes, J. and Hasan, T.},
   title = {The proliferation marker Ki-67 as novel molecular target for PDT},
   journal = {Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy},
   volume = {8},
   number = {2},
 pages = {129},
   DOI = {10.1016/j.pdpdt.2011.03.025},
   year = {2011},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Rai,
   author = {Rai, P. and Mallidi, S. and Zheng, X. and Rahmanzadeh, R. and Mir, Y. and Elrington, S. and Khurshid, A. and Hasan, T.},
   title = {Development and applications of photo-triggered theranostic agents},
   journal = {Adv Drug Deliv Rev},
   volume = {62},
   number = {11},
   pages = {1094-124},
   note = {Rai, Prakash
Mallidi, Srivalleesha
Zheng, Xiang
Rahmanzadeh, Ramtin
Mir, Youssef
Elrington, Stefan
Khurshid, Ahmat
Hasan, Tayyaba
Nihms238162
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2010 Aug 30;62(11):1094-124. Epub 2010 Sep 19.},
   abstract = {Theranostics, the fusion of therapy and diagnostics for optimizing efficacy and safety of therapeutic regimes, is a growing field that is paving the way towards the goal of personalized medicine for the benefit of patients. The use of light as a remote-activation mechanism for drug delivery has received increased attention due to its advantages in highly specific spatial and temporal control of compound release. Photo-triggered theranostic constructs could facilitate an entirely new category of clinical solutions which permit early recognition of the disease by enhancing contrast in various imaging modalities followed by the tailored guidance of therapy. Finally, such theranostic agents could aid imaging modalities in monitoring response to therapy. This article reviews recent developments in the use of light-triggered theranostic agents for simultaneous imaging and photoactivation of therapeutic agents. Specifically, we discuss recent developments in the use of theranostic agents for photodynamic-, photothermal- or photo-triggered chemotherapy for several diseases.},
   keywords = {Animals
Anti-Infective Agents/diagnostic use/therapeutic use
Antineoplastic Agents/diagnostic use/therapeutic use
Diagnostic Imaging/ methods
Drug Carriers/diagnostic use/therapeutic use
Humans
Infection/ diagnosis/ drug therapy
Nanoparticles/diagnostic use/therapeutic use
Neoplasms/ diagnosis/drug therapy/ therapy
Phototherapy/ methods},
   year = {2010}
}

@article{Rahmanzadeh2010,
   author = {Rahmanzadeh, R. and Rai, P. and Celli, J. P. and Rizvi, I. and Baron-Luhr, B. and Gerdes, J. and Hasan, T.},
   title = {Ki-67 as a molecular target for therapy in an in vitro three-dimensional model for ovarian cancer},
   journal = {Cancer Res},
   volume = {70},
   number = {22},
   pages = {9234-42},
   note = {Using Smart Source Parsing
Nov 15; Epub 2010 Nov 2},
   abstract = {Targeting molecular markers and pathways implicated in cancer cell growth is a promising avenue for developing effective therapies. Although the Ki-67 protein (pKi-67) is a key marker associated with aggressively proliferating cancer cells and poor prognosis, its full potential as a therapeutic target has never before been successfully shown. In this regard, its nuclear localization presents a major hurdle because of the need for intracellular and intranuclear delivery of targeting and therapeutic moieties. Using a liposomally encapsulated construct, we show for the first time the specific delivery of a Ki-67-directed antibody and subsequent light-triggered death in the human ovarian cancer cell line OVCAR-5. Photoimmunoconjugate-encapsulating liposomes (PICEL) were constructed from anti-pKi-67 antibodies conjugated to fluorescein 5(6)-isothiocyanate, as a photoactivatable agent, followed by encapsulation in noncationic liposomes. Nucleolar localization of the PICELs was confirmed by confocal imaging. Photodynamic activation with PICELs specifically killed pKi-67-positive cancer cells both in monolayer and in three-dimensional (3D) cultures of OVCAR-5 cells, with the antibody TuBB-9 targeting a physiologically active form of pKi-67 but not with MIB-1, directed to a different epitope. This is the first demonstration of (a) the exploitation of Ki-67 as a molecular target for therapy and (b) specific delivery of an antibody to the nucleolus in monolayer cancer cells and in an in vitro 3D model system. In view of the ubiquity of pKi-67 in proliferating cells in cancer and the specificity of targeting in 3D multicellular acini, these findings are promising and the approach merits further investigation.},
   year = {2010}
}

@inproceedings{Rahmanzadeh,
   author = {Rahmanzadeh, Ramtin and Rai, Prakash and Gerdes, Johannes and Hasan, Tayyaba},
   title = {Targeted light-inactivation of the Ki-67 protein using theranostic liposomes leads to death of proliferating cells},
   editor = {Samuel, Achilefu and Ramesh, Raghavachari},
   publisher = {SPIE},
   volume = {7576},
   pages = {757602},
year = {2010},
doi ={10.1117/12.843850},
keywords = {Nanotechnology, Ovarian Cancer, Proliferative Index, Photodynamic Therapy,Antibody}

}

@article{Yao,
   author = {Yao, C and Qu, X. and Zhang, Z. and B., Yao and Hüttmann, G and Rahmanzadeh, R.},
   title = {Influence of Laser Parameters on Membrane Permeability with Nanoparticles and Targeted Antibody Transfection},
   journal = {J Biomed Opt},
   volume = {14},
   pages = {054034},
   note = {Journal article},
   year = {2009}
}

@misc{Qu,
   author = {Qu, X. and Wang, J. and Zhang, Z. and Koop, N. and Rahmanzadeh, R. and Huttmann, G.},
   title = {Imaging of cancer cells by multiphoton microscopy using gold nanoparticles and fluorescent dyes},
   volume = {13},
   number = {3},
   pages = {031217},
   note = {Using Smart Source Parsing
May-Jun},
   abstract = {Due to their unique optical properties, optical probes, including metal nanoparticles (NPs) and fluorescent dyes, are increasingly used as labeling tools in biological imaging. Using multiphoton microscopy and fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) at 750-nm excitation, we recorded intensity and FLIM images from gold NPs (30 nm) and the fluorescent dye Alexa 488 (A488) conjugated with monoclonal ACT-1 antibodies as well as Hoechst 33258 (H258) after incubation with the lymphoma cell line (Karpas-299). From the FLIM images, we can easily discriminate the imaging difference between cells and optical probes according to their distinct fluorescence lifetimes (cellular autofluorescence: 1 to 2 ns; gold NPs: <0.02 ns; A488: 3.5 ns; H258: 2.5 ns). The NP-ACT-1 and A488-ACT-1 conjugates were bound homogeneously on the surface of cells, whereas H258 stained the cell nucleus. We demonstrate that the emission intensity of gold NPs is about ten times stronger than that of the autofluorescence of Karpas-299 cells at the same excitation power. Compared with fluorescent dyes, stronger emission is also observed from gold NPs. Together with their high photostability, these observations suggest that gold NPs are a viable alternative to fluorescent dyes for cellular imaging and cancer diagnosis.},
   ISBN = {1083-3668 (Print)
1083-3668 (Linking)},
   year = {2008}
}

@article{Yao,
   author = {Yao, C. P. and Zhang, Z. X. and Rahmanzadeh, R. and Huettmann, G.},
   title = {Laser-based gene transfection and gene therapy},
   journal = {IEEE Trans Nanobioscience},
   volume = {7},
   number = {2},
   pages = {111-9},
   note = {Yao, C P
Zhang, Z X
Rahmanzadeh, R
Huettmann, G
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review
United States
IEEE Trans Nanobioscience. 2008 Jun;7(2):111-9.},
   abstract = {The plasma membrane of mammalian cells can be transiently permeablized by optical means and exogenous materials or genes can be introduced into the cytoplasm of living cells. Until now, few mechanisms were exploited for the manipulation: laser is directly and tightly focused on the cells for optoinjection, laser-induced stress waves, photochemical internalization, and irradiation of selective cell targeting with light-absorbing particles. During the past few years, extensive progress and numerous breakthroughs have been made in this area of research. This review covers four different laser-assisted transfection techniques and their advantages and disadvantages. Universality towards various cell lines is possibly the main advantage of laser-assisted optoporation in comparison with presently existing methods of cell transfection.},
   keywords = {Cell Membrane/ radiation effects
DNA/ administration & dosage/ pharmacokinetics
Gene Therapy/ methods
Lasers
Transfection/ methods},
   year = {2008}
}

@incollection{Phillips,
   author = {Phillips, J. R. and Fischer, E. and Baron, M. and van den Dries, N. and Facchinelli, F. and Kutzer, M. and Rahmanzadeh, R. and Remus, D. and Bartels, D.},
   title = {Lindernia brevidens: a novel desiccation-tolerant vascular plant, endemic to ancient tropical rainforests},
   booktitle = {Plant J},
   volume = {54},
   edition = {2008/03/19},
   pages = {938-48},
   note = {Phillips, Jonathan R
Fischer, Eberhard
Baron, Miriam
van den Dries, Niels
Facchinelli, Fabio
Kutzer, Michael
Rahmanzadeh, Ramtin
Remus, Daniela
Bartels, Dorothea
England
Plant J. 2008 Jun;54(5):938-48. Epub 2008 Mar 13.},
   abstract = {A particular adaptation to survival under limited water availability has been realized in the desiccation-tolerant resurrection plants, which tend to grow in a habitat with seasonal rainfall and long dry periods. One of the best-studied examples is Craterostigma plantagineum. Here we report an unexpected finding: Lindernia brevidens, a close relative of C. plantagineum, exhibits desiccation tolerance, even though it is endemic to the montane rainforests of Tanzania and Kenya, where it never experiences seasonal dry periods. L. brevidens has been found exclusively in two fragments of the ancient Eastern Arc Mountains, which were protected from the devastating Pleistocene droughts by the stable Indian Ocean temperature. Analysis of the microhabitat reveals that L. brevidens is found in the same habitat as hygrophilous plant species, which further indicates that the plant never dries out completely. The objective of this investigation was to address whether C. plantagineum and L. brevidens have desiccation-related pathways in common, or whether L. brevidens has acquired novel pathways. A third, closely related, desiccation-sensitive species, Lindernia subracemosa, has been included for comparison. Mechanisms that confer cellular protection during extreme water loss are well conserved between C. plantagineum and L. brevidens, including the interconversion of 2-octulose to sucrose within the two desiccation-tolerant species. Furthermore, transcriptional control regions of desiccation-related genes belonging to the late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) protein family are also highly conserved. We propose that L. brevidens is a neoendemic species that has retained desiccation tolerance through genome stability, despite tolerance being superfluous to environmental conditions.},
   keywords = {Adaptation, Physiological
Gene Expression Profiling
Genome, Plant
Lamiaceae/genetics/metabolism/ physiology
Sucrose/metabolism
Tropical Climate
Water},
   year = {2008}
}

@article{Rahmanzadeh,
   author = {Rahmanzadeh, R. and Huttmann, G. and Gerdes, J. and Scholzen, T.},
   title = {Chromophore-assisted light inactivation of pKi-67 leads to inhibition of ribosomal RNA synthesis},
   journal = {Cell Prolif},
   volume = {40},
   number = {3},
   pages = {422-30},
   note = {Rahmanzadeh, R
Huttmann, G
Gerdes, J
Scholzen, T
England
Cell Prolif. 2007 Jun;40(3):422-30.},
   abstract = {OBJECTIVES: Expression of the nuclear Ki-67 protein (pKi-67) is strongly associated with cell proliferation. For this reason, antibodies against this protein are widely used as prognostic tools for the assessment of cell proliferation in biopsies from cancer patients. Despite this broad application in histopathology, functional evidence for the physiological role of pKi-67 is still missing. Recently, we proposed a function of pKi-67 in the early steps of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis. Here, we have examined the involvement of pKi-67 in this process by photochemical inhibition using chromophore-assisted light inactivation (CALI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Anti-pKi-67 antibodies were labelled with the fluorochrome fluorescein 5(6)-isothiocyanate and were irradiated after binding to their target protein. RESULTS: Performing CALI in vitro on cell lysates led to specific cross-linking of pKi-67. Moreover, the upstream binding factor (UBF) necessary for rRNA transcription was also partly subjected to cross-link formation, indicating a close spatial proximity of UBF and pKi-67. CALI in living cells, using micro-injected antibody, caused a striking relocalization of UBF from foci within the nucleoli to spots located at the nucleolar rim or within the nucleoplasm. pKi-67-CALI resulted in dramatic inhibition of RNA polymerase I-dependent nucleolar rRNA synthesis, whereas RNA polymerase II-dependent nucleoplasmic RNA synthesis remained almost unaltered. CONCLUSIONS: Our data presented here argue for a crucial role of pKi-67 in RNA polymerase I-dependent nucleolar rRNA synthesis.},
   keywords = {Antibodies, Antinuclear
Antibodies, Monoclonal
Cell Division/physiology
Cell Nucleolus/physiology
Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate
Fluorescent Dyes
HeLa Cells
Humans
Ki-67 Antigen/*genetics/*metabolism
Photochemistry
RNA Polymerase I/metabolism
RNA, Ribosomal/*biosynthesis},
   year = {2007}
}

@article{Yao,
   author = {Yao, C. and Rahmanzadeh, R. and Endl, E. and Zhang, Z. and Gerdes, J. and Huttmann, G.},
   title = {Elevation of plasma membrane permeability by laser irradiation of selectively bound nanoparticles},
   journal = {J Biomed Opt},
   volume = {10},
   number = {6},
   pages = {064012},
   note = {Yao, Cuiping
Rahmanzadeh, Ramtin
Endl, Elmar
Zhang, Zhenxi
Gerdes, Johannes
Huttmann, Gereon
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
United States
J Biomed Opt. 2005 Nov-Dec;10(6):064012.},
   abstract = {Irradiation of nanoabsorbers with pico- and nanosecond laser pulses could result in thermal effects with a spatial confinement of less than 50 nm. Therefore absorbing nanoparticles could be used to create controlled cellular effects. We describe a combination of laser irradiation with nanoparticles, which changes the plasma membrane permeability. We demonstrate that the system enables molecules to penetrate impermeable cell membranes. Laser light at 532 nm is used to irradiate conjugates of colloidal gold, which are delivered by antibodies to the plasma membrane of the Hodgkin's disease cell line L428 and/or the human large-cell anaplastic lymphoma cell line Karpas 299. After irradiation, membrane permeability is evaluated by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry using propidium iodide (PI) and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) dextran. The fraction of transiently permeabilized and then resealed cells is affected by the laser parameter, the gold concentration, and the membrane protein of the different cell lines to which the nanoparticles are bound. Furthermore, a dependence on particle size is found for these interactions in the different cell lines. The results suggest that after optimization, this method could be used for gene transfection and gene therapy.},
   keywords = {Biopolymers/pharmacokinetics
Cell Line, Tumor
Cell Membrane Permeability/ physiology/ radiation effects
Drug Delivery Systems/ methods
Fluoresceins/ pharmacokinetics
Humans
Lasers
Lymphoma/ metabolism
Nanostructures},
   year = {2005}
}

@misc{Rahmanzadeh,
   author = {Rahmanzadeh, R. and Muller, K. and Fischer, E. and Bartels, D. and Borsch, T.},
   title = {The Linderniaceae and Gratiolaceae are further lineages distinct from the Scrophulariaceae (Lamiales)},
   volume = {7},
   number = {1},
   pages = {67-78},
   month = {Jan},
   note = {Rahmanzadeh, R
Muller, K
Fischer, E
Bartels, D
Borsch, T
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Germany
Plant Biol (Stuttg). 2005 Jan;7(1):67-78.},
   abstract = {The Lamiales are one of the largest orders of angiosperms, with about 22,000 species. The Scrophulariaceae, as one of their most important families, has recently been shown to be polyphyletic. As a consequence, this family was re-classified and several groups of former scrophulariaceous genera now belong to different families, such as the Calceolariaceae, Plantaginaceae, or Phrymaceae. In the present study, relationships of the genera Craterostigma, Lindernia and its allies, hitherto classified within the Scrophulariaceae, were analyzed. Sequences of the chloroplast trnK intron and the matK gene (approximately 2.5 kb) were generated for representatives of all major lineages of the Lamiales and the former Scrophulariaceae. Bayesian and parsimony analyses revealed two isolated lineages, one of which consists of Lindernia and its allies, the other of Gratiola and allies. Gratiola was previously assumed to be related to Lindernia and was therefore included here. It is proposed to treat the two clades as separate families, Linderniaceae and Gratiolaceae. For the Linderniaceae, several morphological synapomorphies exist in addition to molecular data, such as conspicuous club-shaped stamen appendages.},
   keywords = {Bayes Theorem
Genes, Plant
Introns
Phenotype
Phylogeny
Scrophulariaceae/anatomy & histology/ classification/genetics
Species Specificity},
   ISBN = {1435-8603 (Print)
1435-8603 (Linking)},
   year = {2005}
}